ドイツ語日記翻訳【154】
今回の雪は、20cm近い雪でした。
僕は、最近の雪に対してはとても嫌な思いがあります。
Dieses Mal erreichte der Schnee fast 20 cm.
In letzter Zeit hatte ich jedoch unangenehme Erlebnisse mit Schnee.
解説
### **German Sentence 1:**
**”Dieses Mal erreichte der Schnee fast 20 cm.”**
**Meaning:** This time, the snow reached nearly 20 cm.#### **Grammar Breakdown:**
1. **”Dieses Mal”** – **Noun phrase** meaning “this time.”
– **”Dieses”** – Demonstrative pronoun (neuter) modifying **”Mal”** (neuter noun, meaning “time” in the sense of an occurrence).
– Unlike **”diesmal”**, which is an adverb meaning “this time,” **”Dieses Mal”** keeps “Mal” as a noun and adds clarity or emphasis.2. **”erreichte”** – **Simple past (Präteritum)** form of **”erreichen”** (to reach).
– The **Präteritum** tense is often used in formal writing and narration.
– The verb **”erreichen”** is a **transitive verb**, meaning it requires a direct object (here, “der Schnee” as the subject reaching “fast 20 cm”).3. **”der Schnee”** – **Subject noun phrase**, meaning “the snow.”
– **”der”** – Definite article (masculine, nominative).
– **”Schnee”** – Masculine singular noun.4. **”fast 20 cm”** – **Adverbial phrase** meaning “almost/nearly 20 cm.”
– **”fast”** – Adverb meaning “almost/nearly.”
– **”20 cm”** – Measurement, acting as the direct object of “erreichte.”—
### **German Sentence 2:**
**”In letzter Zeit hatte ich jedoch unangenehme Erlebnisse mit Schnee.”**
**Meaning:** Lately, however, I have had unpleasant experiences with snow.#### **Grammar Breakdown:**
1. **”In letzter Zeit”** – **Prepositional phrase** meaning “lately” or “recently.”
– **”In”** – Preposition indicating time frame.
– **”letzter”** – Weak adjective form of **”letzt”** (last), modifying **”Zeit”** (feminine noun, “time”).
– The phrase suggests **a general past time frame** without specifying an exact moment.2. **”hatte”** – **Simple past (Präteritum)** form of **”haben”** (to have).
– **Präteritum** is used in narration and formal writing to indicate a **past, completed event**.
– The verb acts as the main predicate, governing the direct object **”unangenehme Erlebnisse.”**3. **”ich”** – **Subject pronoun** meaning “I.”
4. **”jedoch”** – **Adverb/conjunction** meaning “however.”
– Introduces **contrast**, much like “cependant” in French.5. **”unangenehme Erlebnisse”** – **Noun phrase** meaning “unpleasant experiences.”
– **”unangenehme”** – Adjective (plural, accusative) modifying **”Erlebnisse”** (neuter noun, plural, meaning “experiences”).
– Unlike **”Erfahrungen”**, which refers to accumulated knowledge, **”Erlebnisse”** refers to **specific events** or **personal experiences**.6. **”mit Schnee”** – **Prepositional phrase** meaning “with snow.”
– **”mit”** – Preposition (always followed by **dative case**).
– **”Schnee”** – Masculine singular noun (**dative case**, but unchanged because “Schnee” lacks distinct endings).—
### **Comparison Between the Two Sentences**
– **Tense difference:**
– First sentence: **Präteritum of “erreichen”** → Past event **without personal experience focus** (more factual).
– Second sentence: **Präteritum of “haben”** → Past experience, **more subjective/personal**.– **Contrast emphasis:**
– **”jedoch”** explicitly contrasts with previous expectations.
– **”cependant”** in French plays a similar role, reinforcing the **change in perception about snow**.