スペイン語日記翻訳【17】

忘年会で出し物をやらされる二色人です。

Tengo que actuar en la fiesta de fin de año.

解説

> **Tengo que actuar en la fiesta de fin de año.**

This is a clear and practical sentence in Spanish, and it’s a great example of modal constructions and prepositional phrases. Here’s a detailed breakdown:

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## 🧠 Overall Meaning:
“I have to perform at the end-of-year party.”

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## 🔍 Word-by-Word Grammar and Explanation:

### 1. **Tengo**
– Verb: **tener** (to have), 1st person singular, present tense
– Meaning: “I have”
– Function: Main verb in the modal construction **tener que + infinitive**, which expresses obligation.

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### 2. **que**
– Part of speech: subordinating conjunction
– Function: Links **tengo** with the infinitive **actuar** to form the phrase **tener que + infinitive** = “to have to (do something)”

> 🧩 **tengo que actuar** = “I have to act/perform”

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### 3. **actuar**
– Verb: infinitive form of **actuar** (to act, to perform)
– Meaning: In this context, likely means “to perform” (e.g., in a play, skit, or musical number)
– Function: The action that the speaker is obligated to do

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### 4. **en**
– Preposition meaning “in” or “at”
– Used here to indicate the location or event where the action will take place

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### 5. **la fiesta**
– Noun phrase: “the party”
– **la** = definite article, feminine singular
– **fiesta** = “party” (feminine noun)

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### 6. **de fin de año**
– Prepositional phrase modifying **fiesta**
– **de** = “of”
– **fin** = “end”
– **de año** = “of (the) year”
– Together: **fiesta de fin de año** = “end-of-year party” or “New Year’s party”

> 🧩 Literally: “party of end of year” → idiomatically: “end-of-year party”

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## 🎯 Cultural Note:
In many Spanish-speaking cultures, **la fiesta de fin de año** refers to a celebration held in late December, often involving performances, music, and group activities—especially in schools or workplaces.