ロシア語日記翻訳【33】
30過ぎて生きてんのかなー
Но доживу ли я вообще до тридцати?
解説
### 1. **Overall Meaning**
This sentence expresses a deeply personal and existential doubt: *“But will I even live until I’m thirty?”* It’s not just a factual question—it carries emotional weight, suggesting anxiety, uncertainty, or fear about the future.
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### 2. **Word-by-Word Breakdown**
– **Но**
This is a conjunction meaning “but.” It introduces contrast or hesitation, often implying that the speaker is responding to a previous idea or expectation. It sets a reflective or doubtful tone.– **доживу**
This is the first-person singular future tense of the perfective verb **дожить**, which means “to live until” or “to survive until.”
The perfective aspect indicates a completed action in the future—so the speaker is asking whether they will *successfully reach* the age of thirty.– **ли**
This is a question particle used in Russian to form **yes–no questions** with **inverted word order**. It’s placed immediately after the verb or the word being questioned.
In this case, it turns the statement “I will live until thirty” into “Will I live until thirty?”– **я**
The personal pronoun “I.” It’s the subject of the verb **доживу**.
Because Russian allows flexible word order, **я** comes after the verb due to the presence of **ли**.– **вообще**
An adverb meaning “at all,” “even,” or “in general.” Here, it intensifies the doubt—*“Will I even live until thirty?”*
It adds emotional depth, suggesting that the speaker finds the idea of reaching thirty almost unimaginable.– **до тридцати**
A prepositional phrase meaning “until thirty.”
**до** means “until” or “up to,” and **тридцати** is the genitive form of **тридцать** (thirty).
In Russian, **до** always requires the genitive case, so **тридцать** becomes **тридцати**.—
### 3. **Syntax and Structure**
Russian syntax is flexible, but when using **ли**, the verb typically comes before the subject. So instead of the neutral “Я доживу до тридцати” (I will live until thirty), we get:
**“Доживу ли я до тридцати?”**
This inversion is standard in formal or rhetorical questions.Adding **вообще** makes the sentence more emotionally expressive. It’s often placed before the time phrase or at the end of the sentence for emphasis.
Finally, **Но** at the beginning signals a shift in thought—perhaps the speaker is responding to someone’s optimism or future plans with a moment of self-doubt.